利比幻灯片合集
1928年,太阳城娱乐被授予太阳城娱乐城博士的图书馆. 威廉·利比, professor of physical geography and director of the Museum of Geology and Archeology at Princeton University. Included in the gift were 14,000 lantern slides dating between 1860 and 1910.
The collection consists of both commercial sets as well as personal original photographs. It includes 100 series of slides — each dealing with a specific topic, 状态, or country — representing a remarkable cross section of the geography and people of many parts of the globe in the late 19th and early 20th centuries.
关于幻灯
幻灯片, the precursor to modern cardboard- or plastic-mounted slides, 由两个小玻璃板组成. One plate is coated with an emulsion that captures an image when exposed to light, and a second glass plate is placed over the first to protect the emulsion. 裁剪边框, 通常用黑纸制成, is placed between the glass plates to act as a frame for the picture. 玻璃板用黑胶带封在一起. The projector used to illuminate the slides was called a “magic lantern” — hence the term “lantern slides.”
Although magic lanterns were used to project transparent drawings before 1839, it was not until 1850 that glass photographic slides were made in the United States. They became a common form of home entertainment, reaching their highest level of popularity by 1900. They continued to be widely used until 35mm film and cameras became readily available in the late 1920s to the mid-1930s.
Generally, lantern slides were black and white, but they could be hand-tinted with transparent oils. They were often commercially produced and typically sold by opticians who purchased the rights to the photographs, 把它们复制成幻灯片, 并出售或单独或成套. 说明性小册子常随套装一起赠送. Many of the pioneers of photography had their photographs reproduced in this fashion.
利比幻灯片收藏
Libbey became interested in photography as an undergraduate at Princeton University and embarked on many expeditions during his lifetime. 他的收藏记录了许多这样的旅行. 太阳城娱乐城博物馆收藏的这一系列照片来自:
- 1877年普林斯顿大学对犹他州的科学考察.
- An 1878 expedition to view a solar eclipse near Denver, Colorado.
- 1886年由 纽约时报 爬山. St. 伊莱亚斯在阿拉斯加州与奥巴马中尉并肩作战. 弗雷德里克Schwatka. This series includes photographs of the Yakutat Indians in Yakutat Bay.
- 1894年和1899年佩里远征格陵兰岛.
- A 1902 expedition to Jordan, about which Libbey co-authored his most famous publication, 约旦河谷和佩特拉.
- 1908年黄石公园探险.
目前大约有20个,000 glass lantern slides housed in 太阳城娱乐’s Map 图书馆. 除了14,这是利比的个人收藏, 6,000 more were acquired from Clark’s Graduate School of Geography in 1985.